Bladder Trauma: Clinical Evaluation, Surgical Management, Anesthetic Considerations, and Laboratory Assessment
Abstract
Background: Bladder trauma is an uncommon but clinically significant injury, often associated with pelvic fractures and high-energy trauma.
Aim: To review the clinical evaluation, surgical management, anesthetic considerations, and laboratory assessment of bladder trauma.
Methods: A comprehensive analysis of current literature and guidelines was conducted, focusing on etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, and treatment protocols.
Results: Bladder injuries are classified as extraperitoneal (60%), intraperitoneal (30%), or combined (10%). Gross hematuria is the most consistent clinical sign. CT cystography remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Intraperitoneal ruptures require surgical repair, while uncomplicated extraperitoneal injuries are managed conservatively with catheter drainage. Multidisciplinary care and adherence to imaging protocols reduce morbidity and mortality.
Conclusion: Early recognition, accurate imaging, and tailored management are essential for optimal outcomes.
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Authors
Copyright (c) 2025 Sultan Ali Mohammed Alhayani, Naif Naser Hadi Thalami, Haitham Ali Yahya Muharraq, Huda Atiah Huzaym Alanazi, Ishraq Siddiq Hakam, Fahad Fayadh Alanazi, Hani Eid Alharbi, Abdulkarim Raja Allah Dulaym Almohammadi, Jumail Ali alharthi, Mansour Nasser Mansour AL Mesaieed, Sahab Rubya Saad
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