Management of Rheumatological Conditions: Bridging Medical Diagnosis with Functional Preservation
Abstract
Background: Rheumatological conditions, including inflammatory arthritis like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and degenerative osteoarthritis (OA), represent a leading cause of chronic pain and disability worldwide. Their management is inherently complex, requiring precise medical diagnosis, aggressive disease-modifying therapy, and dedicated functional rehabilitation to preserve quality of life. Historically, care has been fragmented across specialties, leading to delays in diagnosis, suboptimal medication adherence, and preventable functional decline. Aim: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from 2010-2024 on integrated, multidisciplinary care models for rheumatological conditions. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases was conducted. Results: Evidence robustly supports that integrated models, such as combined rheumatology-physical therapy clinics and nurse-led monitoring programs, significantly improve outcomes. These models enhance diagnostic accuracy through coordinated lab/imaging, optimize medication adherence and safety via nursing and pharmacy oversight, and maintain physical function through early, guideline-directed physical therapy. They lead to lower disease activity scores, reduced radiographic progression, improved functional capacity, and higher patient satisfaction compared to standard care. Conclusion: Effective management of rheumatological disease necessitates a deliberate, team-based approach that actively connects pharmacological innovation with rehabilitative expertise. Future care delivery must be structured around interdisciplinary clinics, shared decision-making frameworks, and health information systems that facilitate seamless coordination among all providers from diagnosis through lifelong management.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Faisal Diyab Alshamrani, Abdullah Aedh Alrasheed, Ebrahim Faisal Nahari, Hassan Abdullah Hassan Kuriri, Safaa Mustafa Alhujayri, Mughram Ayidh Awadh Asiri, Abdullah Mohammed Saad Al-Qahtani, Mansour Alkhalaf, Hani Mohammed M. Alharbi, Masha’al Moteb Mohsen Almotery, Noura Ali Handhal Al-Bishi, Samiha Omar Hadi Asiri, Amal Ghazi Alruwaili
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