Maternal and Child Health in the Context of Nutrition, Oral Health, and Emergency Care: An Integrated Nursing, Dentistry, Social Work, Public Health, Epidemiology, and Emergency Medicine Perspective
Abstract
Background: Maternal and child health (MCH) disparities persist globally, driven by interconnected factors including poor nutrition, dental neglect, and inadequate emergency preparedness. Traditional siloed care delivery fails to address these intersecting determinants. Aim: This narrative review synthesizes evidence on integrated MCH interventions spanning prenatal/postnatal nursing, maternal oral health and early childhood caries prevention, family support for food insecurity, public health nutrition programs, epidemiological surveillance of malnutrition, and obstetric/pediatric emergency care. Methods: A comprehensive literature search (2015-2024) was conducted across nursing, dental, public health, and emergency medicine databases. Results: Integrated care models reduce MCH disparities through: nurse-led home visiting programs (30-50% reduction in adverse outcomes); dental-nursing partnerships (40% early childhood caries reduction); social work-nutrition collaborations (25-35% food insecurity mitigation); and emergency medicine-epidemiology linkages (improved obstetric triage and pediatric trauma response). Conclusion: Interprofessional MCH integration addressing nutrition, oral health, and emergency care effectively reduces disparities. Policy recommendations include reimbursement reform and cross-sector workforce development.
Full text article
References
Adeghe, E. P. (2024). Integrating pediatric oral health into primary care: A public health strategy to combat oral diseases in children across the United States. Int J Multidiscip Res Updates, 7(1), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.53430/ijmru.2024.7.1.0026
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2018). Committee opinion no. 726: hospital disaster preparedness for obstetricians and facilities providing maternity care. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest, 38(2), 85-86. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0000532279.90472.30
Bahanan, L., Singhal, A., Zhao, Y., Scott, T., & Kaye, E. (2021). The association between food insecurity, diet quality, and untreated caries among US children. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 152(8), 613-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2021.03.024
Balasa, R., Lightfoot, S., Cleverley, K., Stremler, R., Szatmari, P., Alidina, Z., & Korczak, D. (2023). Effectiveness of emergency department-based and initiated youth suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review. PLoS one, 18(12), e0289035. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289035
Bejster, M., Cygan, H., Stock, J., & Ashworth, J. (2020). Engaging the school community in a nutrition and physical activity program: The role of the 21st-century school nurse. NASN School Nurse, 35(5), 260-265. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X20912747
Brashers, V., Phillips, E., Malpass, J., & Owen, J. (2015). Measuring the impact of interprofessional education (IPE) on collaborative practice and patient outcomes. In Measuring the impact of interprofessional education on collaborative practice and patient outcomes. National Academies Press (US).
Braun, P. A., Flowerday, C., Bienstock, A., Callaghan, T., Freeman, K., Gable, M., ... & Dickinson, L. M. (2024). Delivery of oral health services at medical visits through 3 medical dental integration models. JDR Clinical & Translational Research, 9(1_suppl), 32S-40S. https://doi.org/10.1177/23800844241273771
Braveman, P., & Gottlieb, L. (2014). The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the causes of the causes. Public health reports, 129(1_suppl2), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S206
Burnett, S. J., Stemerman, R., Innes, J. C., Kaisler, M. C., Crowe, R. P., & Clemency, B. M. (2023). Social determinants of health in EMS records: a mixed-methods analysis using natural language processing and qualitative content analysis. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(5), 878. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.59070
De Marchis, E. H., Torres, J. M., Fichtenberg, C., & Gottlieb, L. M. (2019). Identifying food insecurity in health care settings: a systematic scoping review of the evidence. Family & Community Health, 42(1), 20-29. DOI: 10.1097/FCH.0000000000000208
Edelstein, B. L. (2017). Pediatric dental-focused inter-professional interventions: Rethinking early childhood oral health management. Dental Clinics of North America, 61(3), 589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2017.02.005
Gebremeskel, A. T., Omonaiye, O., & Yaya, S. (2022). Multilevel determinants of community health workers for an effective maternal and child health programme in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. BMJ Global Health, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008162
Gharpure, R., Marsh, Z. A., Tack, D. M., Collier, S. A., Strysko, J., Ray, L., ... & Garcia-Williams, A. G. (2021). Disparities in incidence and severity of shigella infections among children—foodborne diseases active surveillance network (FoodNet), 2009-2018. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 10(7), 782-788. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piab045
Gundersen, C., & Ziliak, J. P. (2018). Food insecurity research in the United States: where we have been and where we need to go. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 40(1), 119-135. https://doi.org/10.1093/aepp/ppx058
Hill, M. G., Flanagan, B., Mills, B., Hansen, S., & Hopper, L. (2023). Paramedic training, experience, and confidence with out-of-hospital childbirth (OOHB) in Australia. Australasian emergency care, 26(2), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2022.08.008
Imansari, B., Nurhidayah, I., Rahmawati, A., Pawestri, R., & Hemedes, C. G. (2023). The Effectiveness of Obstetric Emergency Interventions in Enhancing Mother and Fetal Well-Being: Systematic. Journal of Nursing Care, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v6i2.48344
Jack, S. M., Boyle, M., McKee, C., Ford-Gilboe, M., Wathen, C. N., Scribano, P., ... & MacMillan, H. L. (2019). Effect of addition of an intimate partner violence intervention to a nurse home visitation program on maternal quality of life: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 321(16), 1576-1585. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.3211
Linden, J. E., Gundacker, C. L., Deinhammer, L., & Crespin, M. (2023). Medical Dental Integration in Wisconsin: Integrating dental hygienists into pediatric well child visits and prenatal care. American Dental Hygienists' Association, 97(3), 13-20.
Meek, J. Y., & Noble, L. (2022). Technical report: breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics, 150(1), e2022057989. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-057989
Molloy, C., Beatson, R., Harrop, C., Perini, N., & Goldfeld, S. (2021). Systematic review: Effects of sustained nurse home visiting programs for disadvantaged mothers and children. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(1), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14576
Odeny, T. A., Newman, M., Bukusi, E. A., McClelland, R. S., Cohen, C. R., & Camlin, C. S. (2014). Developing content for a mHealth intervention to promote postpartum retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs and early infant diagnosis of HIV: a qualitative study. PloS one, 9(9), e106383. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106383
Paez, P., & Alcorn, M. (2019). Food safety regulations for childcare programs: State agency perspectives. Early Childhood Education Journal, 47(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-018-0915-9
Patel, N., Sethi, Y., Kaka, N., Kaiwan, O., Gupta, I., Shaheen, R. S., ... & Cavalu, S. (2022). Acute hepatitis of unknown origin in pediatric age group: recent outbreaks and approach to management. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010009
Portillo, E. N., Rees, C. A., Hartford, E. A., Foughty, Z. C., Pickett, M. L., Gutman, C. K., ... & Shaw, K. N. (2023). Research priorities for pediatric emergency care to address disparities by race, ethnicity, and language. JAMA Network Open, 6(11), e2343791. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43791
Ruffini, K. (2022). Universal access to free school meals and student achievement: Evidence from the Community Eligibility Provision. Journal of Human Resources, 57(3), 776-820. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.57.3.0518-9509R3
Sanchez, C., Shaikh, S., Dowd, B., Santos, R., McKenney, M., & Elkbuli, A. (2020). Disparities in Adult and Pediatric Trauma Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. World journal of surgery, 44(9), 3010-3021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-020-05591-2
Slomian, J., Honvo, G., Emonts, P., Reginster, J. Y., & Bruyère, O. (2019). Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes. Women's health, 15, 1745506519844044. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745506519844044
Tandon, D., Mackrain, M., Beeber, L., Topping-Tailby, N., Raska, M., & Arbour, M. (2020). Addressing maternal depression in home visiting: Findings from the home visiting collaborative improvement and innovation network. PloS one, 15(4), e0230211. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230211
Thomas, M. M., Miller, D. P., & Morrissey, T. W. (2019). Food insecurity and child health. Pediatrics, 144(4), e20190397. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-0397
Tinanoff, N., Baez, R. J., Diaz Guillory, C., Donly, K. J., Feldens, C. A., McGrath, C., ... & Twetman, S. (2019). Early childhood caries epidemiology, aetiology, risk assessment, societal burden, management, education, and policy: Global perspective. International journal of paediatric dentistry, 29(3), 238-248. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12484
Vamos, C. A., Cayama, M. R., Mahony, H., Griner, S. B., Quinonez, R. B., Boggess, K., ... & Daley, E. M. (2023). Oral health during pregnancy: an analysis of interprofessional guideline awareness and practice behaviors among prenatal and oral health providers. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23(1), 721. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-06032-3
Ventura, A. K., Martinez, C. E., & Whaley, S. E. (2022). WIC participants’ perceptions of COVID-19-related changes to WIC recertification and service delivery. Journal of Community Health, 47(2), 184-192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-021-01026-8
Wade, D. M., Mouncey, P. R., Richards-Belle, A., Wulff, J., Harrison, D. A., Sadique, M. Z., ... & Rowan, K. M. (2019). Effect of a nurse-led preventive psychological intervention on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among critically ill patients: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 321(7), 665-675. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.0073
White, A. E., Garman, K. N., Hedberg, C., Pennell-Huth, P., Smith, K. E., Sillence, E., ... & Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence Working Group. (2023). Improving foodborne disease surveillance and outbreak detection and response using peer networks—the Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 29(3), 287-296. DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001607
Wolfson, J. A., Garcia, T., & Leung, C. W. (2021). Food insecurity is associated with depression, anxiety, and stress: evidence from the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Health equity, 5(1), heq-2020. https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2020.0059
Zonfrillo, M. R., Melzer-Lange, M., & Gittelman, M. A. (2014). A comprehensive approach to pediatric injury prevention in the emergency department. Pediatric emergency care, 30(1), 56-62. DOI: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000070
Authors
Copyright (c) 2024 Salha Mohsen Hassan, Mihammed Hussien Dammas Matkooor, Reem Abdu Ibrahim Gharawi, Fawaz Abdullah Alshammari, Naser Saad Rashid Al Dosari, Sultan Mashan Matlaq Alotaibi, Abdullah Awad Butihan Alotaibi, Ayat Abdullah Alghwinem, Abdulrahman Samir Khateiri, Fahad Hamad Hassan Alqahtani, Fatimah Mohammed Hassan Duryib, BeSheah Ali Samaan Zubaidi, Adel Farhan Alanazi, Bandar Abdullah Khalifah Alanazi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.